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Product Description Sand is a much finer and softer version of gravel. It is made up of tiny particles of rocks, shells, and other earthly materials. Since the granules are so tiny, sand makes the ideal substrate for bottom-feeding fish or fish with soft bellies. The extra fine particles feel much softer compared to other substrates. Since sand is very fine, it compacts together so tightly that the debris from the aquarium stays on top of the sand. This makes it easy to clean: simply hover a siphon over the debris and it’ll be taken care of. However, sand is light enough to get sucked up into the siphon along with the detritus, so use extra caution when siphoning to avoid removing too much sand from the tank. You may have to add in more sand after every water change to fill in some bald spots. Furthermore, sand can occasionally get kicked up into the water and proceed to get sucked into filter sand pumps, potentially damaging the equipment. Make sure to fill the tank carefully during water changes. Too strong of an impact from water being poured into the aquarium can make a mess of the tank and leave sand flying everywhere in the water. The density of sand can create a problem for those that want to keep live plants. Sand is usually so compact that plant roots have difficulty growing and spreading out. Like gravel, sand also does not provide nutrients for the plants. Even with the addition of root tabs, it is not the best option for a planted aquarium. Its compactness is also said to lead to anaerobic are as being formed underwater because there is little to no flow going through the particles, and therefore no oxygen exchange. These areas can be a home for bacteria that reverse the nitrogen cycle, converting nitrates back into ammonia. Fish-keepers want to avoid this because ammonia is toxic to fish.
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